Evolutionary development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evolutionary development - Essay Example The view is given a new paradigm by Neil Shubin, (2008), a principal paleontologist who discerned the "missing link". He tried to trace the evolution through organs of human body. In his book Your Inner Fish, Shubin has enlightened people by establishing correlation between fossils and DNA. There exists similarity between human hands and fins of fish. Through his outstanding inscription, Shubin has elucidated the process of evolution in an easy manner which an ordinary person can understand. Your Inner Fish is one of the most invigorating, intellectually articulated thoughts, and convincing systematic scientific explorations; it is a chronicle of true voyage, potentially changes the outlook about the human body. Your Inner Fish establishes the similarity between the humans and fish and elucidate that any human body is a live example of the whole narration of evolution. Human body possess genome links that is already an established fact but humans also depict the whole gamut of evolution which finds molecular basis too with the similarity in terms of DNAs and RNAs in the genes. Shubin is not only an eminent scientist but he has proved his worth in the form of coherent and stylish author, besides being an irrepressibly excited coach who possesses wittiness, aptitude and cleverness who mesmerizes the readers with his thoughts and therefore readers are able to understand and formulate a real picture of the evolution. One of the finest ways to teach the students the similarity between various animals and humans. The simplest roadmap to their lies in fish (Shubin, 2008). "The archives of natural history are filled with †¦ cases of species formation exploding as a response to ecological opportunity.†¦Natural history becomes all the more pleasing and interesting when we look at it through the lens of evolutionary theory and search for the

Franchise - Culture and Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Franchise - Culture and Structure - Essay Example It goes on to use the McKinsey 7-S model to examine the components of the business. The paper ends with the Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-&-Threat (SWOT) analysis of the company and concludes with a decision on the appropriateness of buying a Ferrari franchise. Organizational Design Marranello, a town near Bologna in northern Italy has been the home of Ferrari since the 1940s (Ferrari Factory Website, 2011). The central location at Marranello is made up of 45 buildings which houses the 3,000 employees of Ferrari who range from factory workers through to the top level management of Ferrari. Components relevant for the manufacture of Ferrari cars are imported from all over the world and assembled at the Northern Italian plant. From there, the various cars are shipped to different parts of the world where they are sold through agents and outlets. Ferrari dealers have three different packages that they can sell to customers: Ferrari Genuine, Ferrari Power & Ferrari Approved. In consideri ng purchasing a franchise, the options available include the reselling of these three Ferrari brands. Ferrari Genuine includes the sale of genuine spare parts for Ferrari cars. Ferrari Power is an insurance package and some related financial activities that ensure that Ferrari users are protected in cases of losses. Ferrari Approved on the other hand seeks to co-ordinate the interests of various Ferrari owners and link them with the company. Aside these three main brands, Franchise sellers can also provide various racing related services and sell some other Ferrari owned brands like fuels and racing related brands that have commercial value. The business environment of Ferrari has unique components and systems that work together to make it a leading racing and luxury car manufacturer. Goold & Campbell (2002) stated that there are nine components of organizations that define each and every business. They argue that a business is made up of structured systems and components that are d efined and laid out by the owners of the company. Aside these defined systems, there are emergent issues that affect the design of the organization. The nine components eventually lay down the definitive structure for a business. 1. Strategy: A business needs to operate in a given market in order to reach a given pool of consumers. In this quest, there are some competitors that might also target the same markets. In the case of Ferrari, it has evolved over the years to become a company that desires to stay at the forefront of research through maintaining a strong position in the motor-sport industry (Davenport & Beck, 2008). In other words, Ferrari desires to target upmarket clients around the globe to produce cars that have the best and most modern inputs and systems at premium prices. The emergent of new ideas in the industry helps them to change their ways of delivering their services at different point in time. The strength of the Ferrari strategy lies in the price of their cars , which are in the millions of dollars and are valuable even years after purchased because they easily become antiques. As a franchise owner, one will expect to sell these expensive cars to customers around the world that comes with high profit margins. In other words, a single sale that a franchise owner makes will bring in profits that hundreds or thousands of ordinary cars that a normal car dealer will make. These end users often use the cars for races which earn a lot of revenue since it comes with the sale of television rights and the

Crucible Character Analyses of Abigail Williams Essay Example for Free

Crucible Character Analyses of Abigail Williams Essay The play Crucible is set in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692; the government is a theocracy. Hard work and church consume the majority of a Salem resident’s time. Within the community, there are regular disputes over land; but disagreement over land boundaries is not the only simmering situation that becomes out of control. Abigail, the orphaned niece to Reverend Parris, is cast out of the house of John and Elizabeth Proctor because of her part in the infidelity and adultery committed with John Proctor. Her uncle is suspicious of her hasty exit, and even more so when he discovers her dancing in the woods. In order to avoid punishment, Abigail claims to be victimised by evil, thus causing madness that spread like wildfire through Salem, claiming many innocent souls. Yet the one who escaped punishment, Abigail, is not innocent. However, her crime, invisible to the eyes of the judges, for whom faith had replaced psychology, is not to have trafficked with the Devil; it is, with truly diabolic determination, to have brought about the ruin of the woman she cannot forgive for being married to the one she loves. Throughout the play, the people of Salem are consumed by paranoia and fear. Abigail is able to prey on that fear, as well as every other humanly weakness, and with her cunning, she is able to bend others to do her will. With a combination of lies and threats, as well as her capability to take advantage of paranoia and hysteria, Abigail seems to be an untouchable antagonist. When first introduced to the antagonist, we develop sympathy for Abigail, enters a strikingly beautiful girl, an orphan, with endless capacity for dissembling. We are told that she is strikingly beautiful which undoubtedly gives us a brief visual aid of her appearance, author Arthur miller may have chosen to tell us this to suggest she is seductive and he emphasises the fact that she is beautiful with a powerful adverb, strikingly. We then become aware that she is an orphan, this uses the readers emotions to develop some sympathy for abigail, one could also suggest that with out that adult, mature, and older figure to nurture and advise abigail, she has not only become very independent, but possibly unaware of morals which maybe be the reason for the heartless actions she makes to get her way. In addition we are told that she has an endless capacity of dissembling, she is able to hide her true emotions/feelings in all situations, this tells us that she is a deceitful, lier but very intelligent, resourceful and highly mischievous girl. Already without abigail actually speaking, her impression has twisted and turned but is a mainly negative view. In addition when interrogated about her where about and the events that took place the previous evening, we begin to see a ruthless character unfold, one can perceive Abigails talent in the area of villainy. She lies continuously in order to protect herself. She denies her role in the witchcraft as she is being questioned by Parris, But we never conjured spirits. Not soon after she also refuses to admit other events that took place. No one was naked! You mistake yourself, uncle!. It is obvious that Abigail is a compulsive liar. She sees no problem with concealing the truth and would use imperatives to manipulate people even her own family to ensure and change their thoughts and opinions. Abigail is known to some as a Jezebel figure, someone who is commonly associated with the devil and scheming. Abigail’s evil can be seen through her interactions with the other characters in the play; she threatens Betty and Mary Warren, â€Å"Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word about the other things and I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and i will a pointy reckoning that will shudder you† this shows a side to her that is devilish, threatening and in a way powerful, these threats are used to manipulate the other girls, to take part in her evil schemes only for her selfish gain.

Literature Review About E Banking In India Finance Essay

Literature Review About E Banking In India Finance Essay Abstract Due to increase in use and popularity of internet, E-banking has contributed in economic growth to a large extent. E-banking is a modern service provided by banks all over the world (Poon, 2008). E-banking came into existence from the use of Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs), telephone banking, direct bill payment, electronic fund transfer (EFT) and the revolutionary online banking (Poon,2008). E-banking refers to banking through internet. Indian customers are slowly and steadily moving towards Internet Banking. E-banking services constitute ATMs, Electronic data interchange, MICR, Cash dispensers, Automated ledger posting system, Electronic clearing system, Tele banking, Anywhere Anytime Banking, Plastic money, E-cash, Smart cards etc and various processing systems such as Real time processing, Batch processing system, Desktop publishing etc. The Research paper is intended on understanding and identifying the products of e-banking its trends, advantages and disadvantages as well of g rowth of e-banking in India. Researcher also intends on providing suggestions after analyzing the various other research papers, articles, journals etc. Firstly, emphasis is made to define the term e-banking followed by literature review and methodology planned. Literature review Introduction E-banking in todays scenario is a very dynamic concept. It is a kind of self service technology (Dixit Datta,2010). Competition is the pushing force for the introduction of e-banking. (Ziqi Liao and Michael Tow Cheung, 2003) .E-banking is delivery of new and traditional banking products and services straight to customers using electronic, interactive communication channels using computers. At a fundamental point, E- banking means setting up of a web page by a bank to provide information about its products and services their features, advantages, disadvantages, prices , duration and other details. On the other hand, at an advanced level, it refers to providing facilities such as accessing accounts, transferring funds, and buying financial products or services online, Making payments et which is known as transactional E- banking (Sathye, 1999). E-banking includes the systems that enable financial institutions, customers, individuals or businesses whether small or big or medium scale t o access accounts, carry out transactions or obtain information on financial products and services through a public or private network using Internet. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela rani, 2010) The conception of electronic banking has been defined in a number of ways (Daniel, 1999). According to Karjaluoto (2002) electronic banking is a construct that consists of several channels of distribution. Daniel (1999) has defined electronic banking as providing banking information, products and services by a bank to customers using a number of different delivery platforms that can be used with different terminal devices such as a personal computer, mobile phone, desktop software, telephone or digital television. Electronic banking is also frequently known as internet banking or e-banking or PC banking or Home banking or Phone Banking or tele banking. The first java based 24 hours electronic banking services were started by the first direct and Fujitsu cooperation. (Fujitsu, 2008).It is a new and innovative banking channel for Indian Banks. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela Rani, 2010). E-banking is both transactional as well informative medium. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela Rani, 2010). E-banking involves customers using Internet to operate their bank accounts and obtain information without visiting a bank branch. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela rani,2010).Internet banking involves providing information about bank products as well carrying online transactions such as transfer of funds, setting up direct debit, buying and selling of products etc. It involves computer networks and telecommunication networks. The basic aim of e-banking is to provide services to end consumer so that they can carry out banking transactions through PC or mobile. e-banking has attracted attention of banks, securities trading firms, individual businesses, insurance com panies, medium and large scale businesses etc. e-banking is growing because e-commerce has grown at a rapid rate. Internet banking can help in building sound strategies as its impact on cost savings, revenue and satisfaction of customer is tremendous (Gupta, 2008). e-banking influences business models of various banks, insurance companies, brokerage houses etc. Internet banking has changed the banking industry as well as banking relationships in a positive way. E-banking provides banking products using internet including e-mails, modems and various networks other networks like RBINET, NICNET, BRISKNET, RBINET, BANKNET. E-banking services includes ATMs, Electronic data interchange, MICR, Cash dispensers, Automated ledger posting system, Electronic clearing system, Tele banking, Anywhere Anytime Banking, Plastic money, E-cash, Smart cards etc and various processing systems such as Real time processing, Batch processing system, Desktop publishing etc. However it is very complicated for banks as well as customers to decide a best and appropriate approach to E-banking. (Dixit Datta,2010) History Of E-banking In India Before E-banking In India came into existence the dealings between customers and banks was on one on one basis. The bank branch was involved in dealing with customers, payments, clearing, loan applications, opening accounts etc but the head office was involved in overall clearing, size of branch, training, sanctioning of loans, keeping track of accounts of customers and it does not deal directly with customers. In the last 5 decades banking in India has evolved through various phases. Due to Globalization and Liberalization a new environment was seen in banks in the whole of the world. Banks offered new services with latest technologies such as anywhere and anytime banking, Tele banking, Internet banking etc The entry of foreign banks has pushed Indian banks to follow the path of latest technologies so as meet threat of competition and to retain their customer base. The growing competition and increased expectations has led to increase in awareness among banks on and role of internet banking. E-banking has revolutionized banking industry and is a product of innovation. There is a prototype change in different parameters of transformation. Many factors both internal and external are responsible for this shift. Competition from other bank group and other global factors are forcing Indian banks to make these changes in their functioning. E-banking services have replaced traditional services. (Uppal, 2008). The process of E-banking started in 1980s when RBI had set up two committees in a sequence in order to step up the pace of automatic operations in the banking sector. A high-level committee was formed under the chairmanship of Dr. C. Rangarajan, then Governor of RBI, to plan out phased computerisation and mechanization in the banking industry over period five-years from 1985 to1989. The main aim was to improve customer service and two models of branch automation were developed and were in practice. The second committee was Rangarajan committee which was formed during this five year time frame in 1988 to make a detailed perception plan for Computerization of banks and for extension of automation to other areas such as funds transfer, e-mail, BANKNET, SWIFT, ATMs, E -banking, etc. The Government of India enacted the Information Technology Act, 2000 (generally known as IT Act, 2000), with effect from 17 October 2000 to provide legal status to electronic transactions and other electronic commerce. RBI had set up a Working Group on e-banking to examine different aspects of e-banking. This Group mainly focused on three major areas of E banking (1) Technology and security issues, (2) Legal issues and (3) Regulatory and supervisory issues. RBI accepted the recommendations of the Working Group, and issued guidelines on internet banking in India for implementation by banks in accordance with those recommendations. The Working Group also issued a report on e-banking covering different aspects of E-banking. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela Rani, 2010) In 1980s internet developed rapidly. In early 1980s customers had access to their accounts through computers of banks. Later internet developed as a network of communication and E-commerce came into existence. In May 1995, Wells Fargo which was the first bank in world to provide access to accounts over internet allowed its customers to see their accounts online. In India, ICICI was the first bank to begin internet banking in early 1997 with the name of Infinity. Later ICICI bank terminated online banking services but 1996-1998 for Internet it was the adoption phase but its usage increased in 1999 because of lower online charges, increase in PC penetration and Technology friendly atmosphere. E-banking started with use of ATMs and later included telephone banking, electronic fund transfer, direct bill payments and online banking. Present Status of E-banking In India E-banking is a banking business approach. Banks nowadays know that internet opens up new horizons and is a major factor in success of a bank and helps a bank to grow internationally. Therefore, a number of banks in India have either adopted E-banking or are in the process of adopting and using it. (Malhotra Balwinder, 2009). E-banking provides right to use to worldwide connection from anywhere in world. Products presented by banks are offered all over internet due to which internet has become an important channel for delivery for banks. (Rahmath Safeena Hema Date Abdullah Kammani, 2011). India being a developing country has weak infrastructure, low PC penetration, developing security protocols and consumer reluctance in rural sector. But many banks are offering e-banking services. In a study conducted by Rao and Prathima (2003) it was revealed that India still has long way to go in online banking services in comparison to other countries. e-banking is becoming popular in India(Gupta, 1999; Dasgupta, 2002). Internet is cheapest channel of delivery for bank and financial products as it reduces the branch networks and scales down the number of service staff. E-banking has also improved performance of banks. E-banking has also emerged as planned source for achieving higher efficiency, control of operations and reduction of cost by replacing paper based and labour exhaustive methods with automatic processes which thus lead to higher productivity and profitability and efficiency. (Malhotra Balwinder, 2009) E-banking has led to increase in speed of communication and transactions for clients. E-banking is offering wide range of services to its customers. Customers can communicate with banks and carry out transactions from anywhere in the world. Due to E-banking customers have changed their traditional way of banking to modernised banking i.e self service system by use of internet. (Curran and Meuter, 2007). Fast and furious growth of technology has affected lives of millions of people from all over the world. There are a large number of factors which influence the consumers attitude towards e-banking such as persons age, income, family size, inspiration and behaviour towards different banking technologies and attitude of every individual towards the new technology (Laforet and Li, 2005). But Many people do not use Internet banking in India due to security reasons, lack of knowledge and also due of user friendliness. Protection and confidentiality are the most challenging problems faced by customers who aspire to operate in the e-commerce. Perceived risk was also one of the major factors affecting consumer adoption, as well as customer satisfaction, of E- banking services (Polatoglu and Ekin, 2001). The Banks in India started E-banking initially with uncomplicated and simple functions such as getting information about rate of interests, checking account balances, clearing and calculating loan eligibility. Later on the services were extended to online bill payments, electronic transfer of funds between accounts and Management of Cash for businesses. Nowadays the banks are using E- banking technology to meet the increased competition. Some new services are also being offered by e-banking such as payment of taxes, railway ticket booking etc (Malhotra and Singh, 2010).But The banking sector in India was not willing to use e-commerce applications as according to them the transactions which are conducted electronically were open to hackers and viruses, which were not in their control. Also e-banking became unattractive because online services were a mixture of insecurities, technology investment costs and a lack of market-readiness. (Abdulwahed and Yaqoub, 2006) . But it has been obse rved that Internet banking has changed the banking industry as well as banking relationships in a positive way. The plan of a bank to carry out business online depends on assets of the bank, years in operation, expenses ratio, deposits ratio, urban location, Non- fee income ratio. Internet banking may not have huge effect on the bottom line of most banks except for a few newly born banks. Internet Banking is subject to various statues including Banking Regulations Act, 1949, the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, and the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999, Information Technology Act, 2000, Indian Contract Act, 1872, the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, Indian Evidence Act, 1872, etc. The effect of E-banking on monetary and credit policies of Reserve Bank of India is a vital area of anxiety. E- banking in India is only at its primitive and is in the growing stage stage which is solely dominated and controlled by both the Indian private and foreign banks. E-banking in India is used only by a few consumer segments. There are a number of risks associated with E- banking which have to be modelled by banks by using sophisticated systems and extensive and proper use of technology. The legal framework should handle the issues associated with E- banking. E-banking phenomenon cannot be avoided by the Indian Banks, but to add a competitive advantage and to succeed, business models must be structured and arranged properly in the long run to suit to Indian conditions. (Gupta,2008). But The factors which influence the adoption of Internet banking in India will probably be a matter of concern to both bankers and policy makers. ( Prakash and Malik, 2008) There are a handful of companies specializing in developing e-banking software, security software and website designing and maintenance, there are few online financial service providers. Nowadays ICICI is also offering wide range of services to customers. According to a number of authors E-banking is becoming popular in India (Gupta, 1999; Pegu, 2000; Dasgupta, 2002). However, it is still in its evolutionary stage. By the year 2006-2007, a large classy and reasonable E -banking market will develop. Almost all the banks operating in India are having their websites. (Vasanthakumari and Sheela Rani, 2010). In India almost 12% of the 38.5 million Internet users use E- banking and it Is expected to increase to 16 million, according to survey by lAMAI. (Prakash and Malik ,2008). In a survey carried out by Malhotra and Singh (2006) it was shown that 48% of the commercial banks in India offer e -banking. Therefore for gaining complete control in present e-markets a purposeful and strategized approach is requisite. Classification of E-banking In India The Reserve Bank Of India (RBI) constituted a functioning group on E- Banking in India. This functioning group further divided the internet banking products in India into the following three types based on the levels of access granted:- Information Only system Electronic information transfer system Fully electronic transactional system More advanced transactions Information Only system It provided general information such as rate of interests, location of a bank branch, products offered, their features, advantages and disadvantages, application forms were available for purpose of downloading. e-mails are used for communication purposes. A Customers and a banks application system do not interact. Customer identification is not done and there is no chance of any unauthorized person getting into a banks production systems via Internet. (Geetika, Nandan Upadhyay , 2008) Electronic information transfer system It provides information about a customer such as account balances, address, details of transactions etc. Customers are identified by their passwords and customers are provided information from banks application system. (Geetika, Nandan Upadhyay , 2008) Applying For New Banking Services Very few banks provide the facility of making an application and enabling new services using internet because the RBI does not allow opening of banks accounts online.(Malhotra Balwinder ,2009) This requires high degree of safety and security. In this, the network server and the application systems are linked over secure communications. (Geetika , Nandan Upadhyay , 2008) More advanced transactions In this system various other services are provided such as insurance policies, Brokerage, investments, demat, Credit card payments, trading, shopping and various other services provided online. Private sector banks are more expected to offer insurance services and covers, brokerage, online trading online and shopping online. Many of the Internet banks have also started offering certain new services through E- banking such as tax payment, charity payment and railway ticket booking. Public sector banks have shown a tremendous performance in the providing the services such as tax payment and railway ticket booking online. (Malhotra Balwinder ,2009) Advantages and disadvantages of E-banking There are a number of drawbacks of e-banking such as it is time consuming, poor network availability, lack of knowledge among people, unsuitable location of ATMs, Lack of infrastructure, high setting up costs, chances of frauds and scams, customers feel e-banking is not secure etc. Apart from above mentioned disadvantages there are a number of other disadvantages of Internet banking. Some of them are survival, accessibility, security, acceptance, infrastructure, perception, etc. Many people do not use internet banking because they do not trust banking services through internet. They doubt that their money is not safe and secure while being processed through internet banking. Many cases of frauds in India have been reported. Another disadvantage of E-banking is when a person has a query or question or faces a problem he/she cannot physically go to the bank and solve it but he/she has to call customer service department to solve it which might take a lot of time. Also some people avoid using E-banking because they do not understand how to use to and what is the procedure of getting started. Internet banking also poses a problem when the network is down and it might cause delay due to server problem when an important transaction is to be made. Starting up of E-banking requires large amount of investment which includes advertising cost, setting up cost, purchasing of technology etc. Many Internet banks dont have ATMs, due to which customers have to pay ATM fees. This costs them more. Lack of literacy and education regarding how to use internet is another drawback of e-banking. Sometimes unknowingly computer system is damaged Also there are a number of benefits of e-banking to both bank as well as customer. For example- Its cheaper to make transactions over internet, it provides satisfaction to customers, it improves the image of the bank, and customers get facility to manage every aspect of their bank account, It makes the transactions paperless, banking services are available round the clock helps customers to save time as they do not have to visit bank branch, customers can check costs of currency. Check stock market, check previous transaction history, transfer money, check which transactions have been cleared. Joseph et al. (1999) studied the influence of Internet on the delivery of banking service. This study identified six dimensions of E- banking service quality i.e. convenience and accuracy, feedback and complaint management, efficiency, queue management, accessibility and customization. While on the other hand Jun and Cai (2001) identified to seventeen service quality dimensions of E- banking service quality which are reliability, responsiveness, competence, courtesy, credibility, access, communication, understanding the customer, collaboration and continuous improvement, content, accuracy, ease of use, timeliness, aesthetics, security and divers features. Services Services are one of the primary benefits which a customer looks for while adopting a new channel. The consumers consider the benefits and weigh them against the costs associated. The Internet offers a lot of benefits to consumers, like any time anywhere banking, updated information, convenience, faster transaction, etc. Future of E-banking In India The large banks in India will find out new and better ways in providing their services. Also they will find out new ways to propose those services which will include use of new technologies. Wireless communication and mobile banking will increase at a very high rate due to which e-banking will become omnipresent. While E-banking will grow at a high rate the current generation of customers will still require face to face interaction with banks due because of feeling of satisfaction and security and some functions like cash withdrawals, checking lockers etc require physical contact with the bank. (Southard Siau, 2004) Keeping In India the benefits of E-banking such as increased efficiency of employees, accuracy etc it is seen that future of E-banking is very bright. The Banks which are fully computerized have gained majority of industrialists, service class, business class, less educated as well as highly educated customers. Most of the customers will favour E-banking because preferences of customers are changing with time and they are becoming more demanding and they will prefer a bank which will provide them quick service. In this era of globalisation only banks which are technologically advanced will survive.(Uppal Chawla,2009) The future of e-banking depends heavily on the future development of technology. The one certainty is that it will continue to offer new delivery methods for banking services. (Southard Siau,2004) Poon W C (2008), Users Adoption of E-Banking Services: The Malaysian P.K. Gupta, (2008), INTERNET BANKING IN INDIA CONSUMER CONCERNS AND BANK STRATEGIES, GLOBAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH Volume 2Number 1 R.K. Uppal, (2008).Customer Perception of E-Banking Services of Indian Banks: Some Survey Evidence Icfai Journal of Bank Management, Vol. VII, No.1, Ms.H.Vasanthakumari and Dr. S. Sheela Rani (2010 ) ROLE OF E BANKING SERVICES IN THE BANKING SECTOR SRM Management Digest ,vol 8 pg 43 Dasgupta, P. (2002) Future of e-banking in India. Available online at: www.projectshub.com Gupta, D. (1999) Internet banking: where does India stand?, Journal of Contemporary Management, December, Vol. 2, No. 1 Ziqi Liao and Michael Tow Cheung, (2003) COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM Vol. 46, No. 12ve. Rahmath Safeena, Hema Date and Abdullah Kammani, (2011)Internet banking adoption in emrging economy International Arab Journal of e-Technology, Vol. 2, No. 1, Laforet, S and Li, X. (2005). Consumers attitudes towards online and mobile banking in China. International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 23, No. 5; pg. 362-380. Pooja Malhotra and Balwinder Singh(2010), An analysis of Internet banking and its determinants in India, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 87-106, Emerald Group Publishing Limited pg 94-98, 87-88 Curran, M. James and Meuter, L. Matthew (2007) Encouraging existing customers to switch to self-service technologies: put a little fun in their lives Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 15 (4), 283-298 Polatoglu, V. and Ekin, S. (2001). An empirical investigation of the Turkish consumers JIBC August 2010, Vol. 15, No.2 Abdulwahed Mo. Sh. Khalfan and Yaqoub S.Y. AlRefaei, (2006). Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking in Oman: a descriptive case study analysis. International Journal of Financial Services Management, 1 (2/3), 155-172. P.K Gupta (2008)internet banking in India-consumer concerns and bank strategies Global journal of Business Research vol 2 no 1 pg 6 -8 Sathye, M. (1999). Adoption of internet banking by Australian consumers: an empirical investigation. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 17 (7), 324-34. Dixit M. And Datta S.(2010) Acceptance of E-banking among Adult Customers: An Empirical Investigation in India Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, August 2010, vol. 15, no.2 pg 1 Daniel, E. (1999) Provision of electronic banking in the UK and the Republic of Ireland International Journal of Bank Marketing, 17(2), 72-82. Ajay Prakash and Garima Malik, (2008) Empirical Study of Internet Banking in India Vol.1 . 3 Geetika, Nandan T Upadhyay A(2008) internet Banking In India-issues and prospects The Icfai Journal of Bank Management, Vol. VII, No. 2, 2008 pg 48-49 IAMAI (2006), IAMAIs Report Online Banking 2006, http://www.iamai.in/, Accessed on May 10, 2011. Uppal R.K Chawla R(2009)E-banking Channel-Based Banking Services:An empirical study The Icfaian Journal of Management Research, Vol. 1 0 VIII, No. 7 pg 21-22 Southhard P.B Siau K (2004)A survey of online E-banking Retail initiatives COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM October 2004/Vol. 47, No. 10 pg 102

goblin market Essay -- essays research papers

It is difficult to cull a satisfying thematic interpretation from Christina Rossetti's "Goblin Market." Obvious themes might be "that one should be careful of temptation," or "that little girls should not talk to strange men." One might even go on to the end of the poem and decide the theme is "that sisters should love one another." These are rather trite ideas, however, and while the poem definitely supports them (and they are easily defended with quotations from the text), a more careful look at "Goblin Market" reveals that the poem is fairly complex, and able to support a more revolutionary reading than the ones put forth above. Rather than saying that "Goblin Market" has a particular theme, I would put forth the notion that it attempts to deal with certain problems Rossetti recognized within the canon of English literature, and specifically with the problem of how to construct a female hero. There are no signifecant female heros in English literature up to the time of Rossetti. Female protagonists exist, of course, like Elizabeth in Austen's Pride and Prejudice, but they have no outlet for heroic action. They are constrained by the gender-roles into which a male-dominated society has placed them. Elizabeth must spend a good deal of her energy waiting for Darcy to take action; she herself is hobbled by the cords of decorum. In "Goblin Market," Rossetti creates a rudimentary framework of behavior in wh...

Comparing Emersons Self-Reliance and Dunbars We Wear the Mask :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing Emerson's Self-Reliance and Dunbar's We Wear the Mask      In Self-Reliance, Ralph Waldo Emerson condemns false appearances. Paul Laurence Dunbar's We Wear the Mask also supports this belief. However, there is a difference in the views of these two works. Emerson believes that people can shed their false social appearances and live a life true to themselves and others. Conversely, Dunbar thinks these pretenses are necessary. The authors' word choices and images support this argument. Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Self-Reliance" expresses his striving for individuality, rebellion against authority, and rejection of false social appearances. This is shown through his non-conformist writing style and ideas. On page 1034, Emerson states "Society is a joint-stock company in which the members agree for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater." To me, this image is of people giving up what they believe so they can protect themselves. "Securing" is making something safe or free from risk of loss, so "securing of his bread" could symbolize a person protecting their feelings or place in society. The price for this is "to surrender the liberty and culture." So, in order to protect themselves people must surrender or give up their liberty (freedom) and culture (beliefs).    Emerson also states that "virtues are penances...Their works are done as an apology or extenuation of their living in the world"(p. 1035). Virtue is righteousness while a penance is an act to show sorrow for a wrongdoing. "Works" refer to chores or efforts at righteousness. "Apology" means regret and "extenuate" can mean to cover up. "Living in the world" could be symbolic of the lying and deceit that people do in everyday life. Therefore, people labor to appear righteous in order to make up for, or cover up, the bad things that they do.    On page 1036 Emerson says, "We come to wear one cut of face and figure." This sounds symbolically like putting on a mask or false appearance. Later, on the same page, Emerson talks about "the forced smile which we put on in company." "Forced" means to strain or produce with effort. Consequently, this "smile" we put on in public is not easily shown, as true emotions would be, but produced difficultly as if it was fake or not true.    Emerson does not subscribe to this outward falseness or the desire to appear righteous. Comparing Emerson's Self-Reliance and Dunbar's We Wear the Mask :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays Comparing Emerson's Self-Reliance and Dunbar's We Wear the Mask      In Self-Reliance, Ralph Waldo Emerson condemns false appearances. Paul Laurence Dunbar's We Wear the Mask also supports this belief. However, there is a difference in the views of these two works. Emerson believes that people can shed their false social appearances and live a life true to themselves and others. Conversely, Dunbar thinks these pretenses are necessary. The authors' word choices and images support this argument. Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Self-Reliance" expresses his striving for individuality, rebellion against authority, and rejection of false social appearances. This is shown through his non-conformist writing style and ideas. On page 1034, Emerson states "Society is a joint-stock company in which the members agree for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater." To me, this image is of people giving up what they believe so they can protect themselves. "Securing" is making something safe or free from risk of loss, so "securing of his bread" could symbolize a person protecting their feelings or place in society. The price for this is "to surrender the liberty and culture." So, in order to protect themselves people must surrender or give up their liberty (freedom) and culture (beliefs).    Emerson also states that "virtues are penances...Their works are done as an apology or extenuation of their living in the world"(p. 1035). Virtue is righteousness while a penance is an act to show sorrow for a wrongdoing. "Works" refer to chores or efforts at righteousness. "Apology" means regret and "extenuate" can mean to cover up. "Living in the world" could be symbolic of the lying and deceit that people do in everyday life. Therefore, people labor to appear righteous in order to make up for, or cover up, the bad things that they do.    On page 1036 Emerson says, "We come to wear one cut of face and figure." This sounds symbolically like putting on a mask or false appearance. Later, on the same page, Emerson talks about "the forced smile which we put on in company." "Forced" means to strain or produce with effort. Consequently, this "smile" we put on in public is not easily shown, as true emotions would be, but produced difficultly as if it was fake or not true.    Emerson does not subscribe to this outward falseness or the desire to appear righteous.

The Effect of Cell Phones

The effects that cell phones have on our lives. Cell phones have become a normal part of our everyday living. I have seen people as young as five years old own a cell phone. Nearly everyone has cell phones in this day and age. They have become a necessity for communication. Cell phones offer the ability to communicate with other people with like devices every minute of every day. If you are not able to speak directly with the other person, you can leave them a voicemail, send them a text message, send voice and picture messages, and even videos. Most cell phones now have internet access which allows a person to send emails to other individuals. Cell phones have had a positive impact on our lives. Cell phones are great to have in case of an emergency. For example, if someone’s car breaks down, or they run out of gas, the have a way of calling for help. Cell phones are an excellent source for communication. No matter where you are, or what time of the day, you can call anyone else who has a phone. Using a cell phone is a lot more convenient than having to have fifty cents in your pocket at all times to stop and use a pay phone. Most cell phones have calendars, note pads, and even access to the World Wide Web. People are using them for appointment reminders, keeping notes, reminders for birthdays and anything else they need to remember. You can use the internet access feature of a cell phone to access your email, look up phone numbers in search directories, and doing research. Some cell phones now come with Global Positioning Systems (GPS), to help people find their way to where they are going. A lot of cell phones have games on them and people like to play them while waiting in waiting rooms, or simply whenever they are bored. Cell phones have also had a negative impact in our lives as well. They have been found to be annoying, distracting, and dangerous. Many car accidents have been connected to cell phone usage. People are talking, dialing, and text messaging while driving down the road which is very dangerous and sometimes life threatening. People have become annoyed with cell phones ringing in the movie theatres, doctor’s offices, libraries, and other quiet places. Cell phones are also being used now by students to cheat in schools, which is causing a negative impact on their learning. Some hospital patients are at risk by cell phone users using their phones in areas that they are not suppose to. The prices of cell phones and minute plans are rising which is having a negative impact on our economy. People are no longer being able to afford to talk as much as they used to simply because the cost of living is rising. Cell phones are affecting our lives. The technology of cell phones is getting more and more advanced all the time. It is almost imperative that everyone owns a cell phone in this day and age. Regardless of the positive and negative impact cell phones are having on our lives, people will continue to buy and use them and the technology will keep advancing.